Door lock



Aug. 22, 1950 l.. w. YOUNG ET Al.

DooR Loox 3 sheets-sheet 1 Filed Sept. 9, 1947 ixJ Aug. 22, 1950 L.. w.YOUNG ET Al.

DOOR LOCK 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 9, 1947 Aug. 22, 1950 w. YOUNG ETAL DOOR LOCK Filed sept. 9, i947 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented ug. 22, 1950DOOR LOCK Leonard Weare Young, Moor Park, and Jack William Taylor, NewDenham, England, yassignors to Ingersoll Limited, London, EnglandApplication September 9, 1947, Serial No. 772,924 In Great Britain .Iune 5, 1946 1li) Claims. l

This invention relates to door and like locks of the kind which includea bevelled springbolt and a deadbolt, the latter normally occupying aretracted position when the door is open, but being shot automaticallyinto the keeper upon the bevelled springbolt being forced back as aresult of its engagement with the keeper on the door or the like beingshut in which position the deadbolt cannot be retracted to open the doorexcept by the use of the appropriate key or by operation of the doorhandle or equivalent-.member.

Hitherto in such constructions the deadbolt was mounted in the keeperand was retracted under the action of an associated spring on thespringbolt being withdrawn under the action of a door handle or key. Infurther arrangements which involved the use of a bevelled springboltautomatic deadlocking mechanism was fitted to prevent any possibility ofthe bevelled springbolt being retracted by end pressure applied by aninstrument inserted between the front edge of the door and jamb. Suchmechanisms `could not be regarded as satisfactory as depression of thespringbolt when the door was open caused the springbelt to be deadlockedand to remain so until the key or knob was turned. Consequentlysubsequent slamming of the door to 'the closed position was taken by thedeadlocked springbolt, and consequently damage to the lock mechanism waslikely to occur. Furthermore, in cases wherein the deadlocking mechanismwas operated by depression of an auxiliary bolt projecting from thelatch on the flat side of the bevelled springbolt, such arrangements didnot permit sufficient fj.'

margin of deadlocking to offset the varying space between the door andjamb.

The chief object of thepresent invention is to evolve a more efficientform of automatic deadlock than has hitherto been proposed and whichwill not suer from the disadvantages hitherto associated with more orless automatic deadlocking arrangements at present commonly in use.

An automatic deadlock in accordance with the present invention includesa casing, a bevelled springbolt slidably mounted therein and movableinto a projected position under the action of an associated spring, adeadbolt slidable within said casing and interconnected with saidspringbolt so as to be shot automatically into the keeper under theclosing action of the door, a door handle or its equivalent and keyactuated mechanism for withdrawing said deadbolt to permit of openingthe door, means for preventing said deadbolt being forced back by endpressure when the door is closed and key actuated mechanism fordeadlocking said deadbolt to prevent its withdrawal except by the aid ofthe appropriate key. In order that the invention may be clearlyunderstood and readily carried into effect the invention is hereinafterdescribed with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical section of an automatic deadlock according to theinvention in the uni locked position:

Figure 2 is a similar sectional view through the lock and keeper showingthe mechanism in the `dead-locked position:

Figure 3 is a sectional plan View:

Figure e is a section illustrating more clearly the general shape of thedeadbolt and operating cam:

Figures 5 and 6 show the range of locking engagement between thedeadbolt and cam:

Figure '7 shows the deadbolt and operating cam in the unlocked position:

Figure 8 shows the deadbolt heldin its retracted unlocked position bymeans of the stopwork cam.

In the construction illustrated the lock mechanism includes a casing land a keeper 2 the casing containing a springbolt 3 which is urged intothe projected position shown in Figure 1 by a coiled spring 4 thespringbolt having a double bevelled lace 5 which as a result of itsengagement with the curved face of the keeper results in retraction ofthe spr'ingbolt against its associated spring when the door is closed asshown in 'Figure 2. The casing also contains a slidably mounted deadbolt6 which is urged into a projected position by means of an associatedcoil spring The deadbolt 6 and springbolt 3 are interconnected throughthe medium of an operating cam 8 capable of operation from the outsideof the door by means of the appropriate key and from the inside by adoor handle or equivalent member. Springs and 1 operate in opposition,the tension of spring '4 being such as to maintain (through the mediumof operating cam 8) deadbolt 6 in the retracted position shown in Figurel until such time as the springbolt by its engagement with the keeper isforced inwards against its associated spring, a collar or'abutment 9 onthe springbolt being moved clear of cam face i0 to permit the deadboltto move into a projected position under the action of its associatedspring 1.

When the deadbolt is in its projected position, shown in Figures 2 and3, the operating cam is held in the position shown by its engagement bythe deadbolt. To take up any play between the operating cam and deadboltthe former contains a coil spring Il located in position in a recess inthe cam and bearing on a plunger l2 the latter engaging the inclinedface 2l on the deadbolt. The cam 8 at the opposite end I3 to the face i5is shaped to engage the stepped inclined rearward face IA of thedeadbolt to retain the deadbolt in its projected position againstendwise pressure applied to the deadbolt. The normal position of the camwhen the deadbolt is retracted is shown in Figure 1, the cam beingmaintained in that position as a result of engagement of the collar 9with the cam face I0 under the action of the spring The deadbolt isshown in a ully projected position in Figures 2 and 4 but will be heldby the cam 8 against endwise pressure in any other projected positionbetween and including the maximum and minimum locked positions shown byFigures 5 and 6 in which the cam actually contacts the stepped part ofthe deadbolt, the notches being individually engaged by the cam to holdthe deadbolt firmly against endwise pressure according to the depth ofpenetration of the deadbolt into the keeper. Each step provides a fiatsurface for engagement by the cam, the point of contact between the camand deadbolt being situated approximately on a line passing horizontallythrough the centre of rotation of the cam. In this way endwise pressureapplied to the deadbolt when the door is shut, for example, by means ofan instrument inserted between the door and jamb, will not result in thedeadbolt being forced back while the arrangement of steps on theinclined part of the deadbolt ensures locking despite varying spacebetween the door and jamb and incorrect fitting of the lock or staple,the disposition of the point of contact between the cam and deadbolt andcam pivot point ensuring that there is no tendency for the cam to rotateunder endwise pressure applied to the deadbolt. Angular movement of thekey in the direction of movement necessary to open the door results inpivotal movement of the operating cam 8 and by virtue of its engagementwith the deadbolt results in withdrawal of the deadbolt against theaction of its associated spring 1.

For the purpose of withdrawing the deadbolt through the medium of a doorhandle or equivalent operating mechanism, the casing contains apivotally mounted operating lever l5 which is engaged by the handlemechanism and this lever engages the operating cam and results in itsangular movement in the required direction to withdraw the deadboltunder the action of the door handle.

It is preferred that the handle shall take the form of a lever i6pivoted to the casing about a pivotal point I7 and maintained in theposition shown in Figure 3 by an associated spring I8, the lever` whenit is desired to open the door being grasped and pulled to cause pivotalmovement of the lever and the rearwardly projecting part I9 of the leverto engage the operating lever i5 to turn the latter about its pivotalpoint 20 and, as shown in Figure l, force back the cam 3 out ofengagement with the notched face I4 of the deadbolt, the cam by itsengagement with the inclined face 2l on 'the deadbolt forcing back the1atter against the action of its associated spring 7. Alternatively, thehandle may take the form of the more usual rotatable knob.

To result in the deadbolt being deadlocked when required, that is tosay, to prevent withdrawal of the deadbolt except by the use of theappropriate key, a locking cam 22 is pivotally mounted about the axis ofrotation of the operating cam 8, the locking cam being movable into aposition, shown in Figure 2, in which it constitutes an abutment betweena projection 23 on the operating cam 8 and an inclined face 24 on thedeadbolt, thereby preventing rotational movement of the operating cam bythe handle to cause withdrawal of the deadbolt from its shot position.To deadlock the deadbolt, the key is turned in the opposite direction tothe direction in which it is normally operated to unlock the door.

In order to maintain the deadbolt in its withdrawn position whenrequired, a stopuf'ork cani 25 is pivotally mounted at 26 in the casing,but projecting therefrom to provide a finger tip control, the stopworkcam, in its operative position shown in Figure 8, abutting against aprojection 21 on the operating cam to prevent rotation of the operatingcam in the direction necessary to permit projection of the deadboltunder the action of its associated spring. The stopwork cam ispreferably provided with a suitable recess 28 to provide two projectingfinger pieces that may be easily actuated by means of the tlnzmb orforeinger. Furthermore, the cam is preferably tted with a spring urgedplunger which will click into either of two spaced recesses in thecasing to maintain the stopwork cam in either position.

It will be appreciated from the foregoing that owing to the steppedformation of the deadbolt, that the deadbolt may be locked in variouspositions other than in its maximum projected position, and,consequently, any variation in spacing between the door and jamb will beautomatically compensated for, the stepped arrangement, as previouslystated, providing a series of spaced parallel faces with any one ofwhich the extremity of the operating cam can contact and thus preventinward movement of the deadbolt resulting from endwise pressure appliedthereto.

Furthermore, the locking cam provided for dead-locking the deadboltprovides a very simple arrangement for effectively deadlocking and thuspreventing any possibility of the deadbolt being withdrawn except by theoperation of the appropriate key.

What we claim is:

1. An automatic deadlock for cooperation with a keeper, comprising acasing, a deadbolt slidably mounted in said casing for movement betweenan inoperative position within said casing and an operative positionprojecting beyond said casing for insertion in the keeper, a springbiasing said deadbolt to its projected operative position, a springboltslidably mounted in said casing for movement between a retractedposition within said casing and a projected position protruding fromsaid casing, a spring biasing said springbolt to projected position,said springbolt being stronger than said deadbolt spring, an operatingcam' engageable with the deadbolt and the springbolt and operable by thespringbolt under the influence of its stronger spring to withdraw saiddeadbolt to retracted position while .the springbolt is projected, saiddeadbolt spring projecting the deadbolt when the springbolt is retractedby engagement with the keeper, said operating cam being movable underthe projecting action of the deadbolt by its spring to a stop positionto prevent retraction of said deadbolt by end pressure.

2. An automatic deadlock for cooperation with a keeper, comprising acasing, a deadbolt slidably mounted in said casinglfor movement betweenan inoperative positionwithin said 'casing andan operative positionprojecting beyond said Icasing for insertion in the keeper, a springbiasing said 'deadbolt to its projected operative position, a springboltslidably mounted in said casing for movement between a retractedposition within said casing and a projected position protrudin'g fromsaid casing, a spring biasing said springbolt to projected position,said springbolt spring being stronger than said l.deadbolt spring, andan operating cam engageable with the deadbolt and the springbolt andoperable by the springbolt under the influence of its stronger spring tohold vsaid deadbolt in a retracted position while the springbolt is.projected said deadbolt spring projecting the deadbolt when thespringbolt is retracted by engagement with the keeper, said operatingcam having a deadbol-ten'- g'a'ging portion forming a stop when thedeadbolt is projected to prevent retraction or" said deadbolt by endpressure.

A3. An automatic deadlock for cooperation with a keeper, comprising acasing, a deadbolt slidably mounted in said casing for movement betweenan inoperative position within said casing and an operative positionprojecting beyond said 'casing for insertion in the keeper, a springbiasing said deadbolt to its projected operative position, a springboltslidably mounted in said casing for movement between a retractedposition Within said casing and a projected position protruding fromsaid casing, a spring biasing said springbolt to a projected position,said springbolt spring being stronger than said deadbolt spring, and anYoperating cam engageable with the deadbolt and the springbolt `andoperable by lthe springbolt under the infiuence of its stronger springto withdraw and hold said deadbolt in retracted position while thespringbolt is projected, said deadbolt spring projecting the deadboltwhen the springbolt is retracted by engagement with the keeper, saidoperating cam having a deadbolt engaging portion forming a stop when thedeadbolt is projected to prevent retration of said deadbolt by endpressure, said deadbolt having an inclined stepped face, any one 'ofwhich steps is engageable by the deadbolt engaging portion of theoperating cam according to the projection of the deadbolt into ythekeeper.

4. An automatic deadlock for cooperation with a keeper, comprising acasing, a deadbolt slidably mounted in said casing for movement betweenan inoperative position within said casing and an operative positionprojecting beyond said casing for insertion in the keeper, a springbiasing said deadbolt to its projected operative position, a springboltslidably mounted in said casing for movement between a retractedposition Within said casing and a projected position protruding fromsaid casing, a spring biasing said springbolt to projected position,said springbolt vspring being stronger than said deadbolt spring,

an operating cam engageable with the deadbolt fand the springbolt andoperable by the springbolt under the influence of its stronger spring towithdraw said deadbolt to retracted position while the springbolt isprojected, said deadbolt spring projecting the deadbolt when thespringbolt is retracted by engagement with the keeper, said operatingcam being movable under the projecting action of the deadbolt by itsspring to a stop position to prevent retraction of said deadbolt by endpressure, and a stopwork cam movably mounted within the casing formovement to and from a position to form a stop for said operating 'camto hold said deadbol-t in retracted position.

5. An automatic deadlock for cooperation with a keeper, comprising acasing, a deadbolt slidably mounted in said casing for movement betweenaninoperative position Within said casing 'and an operative positionprojecting beyond said casing for insertion in the keeper, a springbiasing said vdeadbolt to its projected operative position, avspringbol't slidably mounted in said `casing for movement between aretracted position within said casing and a projected positionprotruding from said casing, a spring biasing said springbolt toprojected position, said springbolt spring being stronger than saiddeadbolt spring, an operating cam engageable with the deadbolt and thesp'ringbolt and operable by the springbol't under the influence of itsstronger spring to Withdraw said deadbolt to retracted position whilethe springbolt is projected, said deadbolt spring projecting thedeadbolt when the springbolt is retracted by engage-ment with thekeeper, said operating cam being movable under the .pro- 'jectin'gaction of the deadbolt by its spring t0 a stop position to preventretraction of said deadbolt by end pressure, a sto-pwork cam movablymounted within the casing for movement to and from a position to form astop for said operati-ng cam to hold said deadbolt in retractedposition, land sn'ap latch means for holding said stopwork cam in itsextreme positions.

'6. An automatic deadlock 1for cooperation with -a keeper, comprising acasing, a deadbolt slidably mounted in said casing for movement betweenan inoperative .position within said casing and an operative positionprojecting beyond said casing for vinsertion in the keeper, a springbiasing said deadbolt to its projected operative position, a springboltslidably mounted in said casing for Vmovement between a retractedposition within said casing and a projected position protruding fromsaid casing, a spring biasing said springboit to projected position,said springbolt spring being stronger than said deadbolt spring, anoperating cam engageable with the deadbolt yand the springbolt andoperable by the `springbolt under the influence of its stronger springto withdraw said deadbolt to retracted position while the springbolt isprojected, said deadbolt spring projecting the deadbolt when thespringbolt is retracted by engagement with the keeper, said operatingcani being movable under lthe projecting action'of the deadbolt by itsspring 'to a stop position to prevent retraction of said Ideadbolt byend pressure, and operating means for' independently actuating saidoperating cam to withdraw said deadbolt.

'7. An automatic deadlock for cooperation with a keeper, comprising acasing, a deadbolt slidably mounted in said casing for movementbetween'an inoperative position within said casing and an operativeposition projecting beyond s-aid "casing for insertion in the keeper, aspring biasing said deadbolt toits projected operative position, aspringbolt slidably mounted in said casing for movement between aretracted position within said casing and a projected positionprotruding from said casing, a spring biasing said springbolt toprojected position, said springbolt spring being stronger than saiddeadbolt spring, an operating cam pivotally mounted within said casingand engageable with the deadbolt and the springbolt, said operating cambeing operable by the springbolt under the inuence of its stro-ngerspring to withdraw and hold said deadbolt in retracted position whilethe springbolt is projected, said deadbolt spring projecting thedeadbolt when the springbolt is retracted by engagement with the keeper,said operating cam having a deadbolt engaging portion forming a stopwhen the deadbolt is projected to prevent retraction of said deadbolt byend pressure, an operating member for independent actuation of saidoperating cam to withdraw said deadbolt, and a pivotally mountedoperating lever interconnecting said operating cam with said operatingmember.

8. An automatic deadlock for cooperation with a keeper, comprising acasing, a deadbolt slidably mounted in said casing for movement betweenan inoperative position within said casing and an operative positionprojecting beyond said casing for insertion in the keeper, a springbiasing said deadbolt to its projected operative position, a springboltslidaoly mounted in said casing for movement between a retractedposition within said casing and a projected position protruding fromsaid casing, a spring biasing said springbolt to projected position,said springbolt spring being stronger than said deadbolt spring, anoperating cam engageable with the deadbolt and the springbolt andoperable by the springbolt under the influence of its stronger spring toWithdraw said deadbolt to retracted position while the springbolt isprojected, said deadbolt spring projecting the deadbolt when thespringbolt is retracted by engagement with the keeper, Said operatingcam being movable under the projecting action of the deadbolt by itsspring to a stop position for preventing retraction of said deadbolt byend pressure, operating means for independently actuating said operatingcam to withdraw said deadbolt, a locking cam movably mounted in saidcasing for movement to form a stop for engagement with said operatingcam to prevent retraction of the deadbolt under the action of saidoperating means, and key actuated locking mechanism controlling themovement of said locking cam.

9. An automatic deadlock for cooperation with a. keeper, comprising acasing, a deadbolt slidably mounted in said casing for movement betweenan inoperative position within said casing and an operative positionprojecting beyond said casing for insertion in the keeper, a springbiasing said deadbolt to its projected operative position, a springboltslidably mounted in said casing for movement between a retractedposition within said casing and a projected lposition protruding fromsaid casing, a spring biasing said springbolt to projected position,said springbolt spring being stronger than said deadbolt spring, anoperating cam pivotally mounted in said casing and engageable with thedeadbolt and the springbolt and operable by the springbolt under theinfluence of its stronger spring to Withdraw said deadbolt while saidspringbolt is projected, said deadbolt spring projecting the deadboltwhen the springbolt is retracted by engagement withfthe keeper, saidoperating cam being movable under the projecting action of the 'deadboltby its spring to a stop position for preventing retraction of saiddeadbolt by end pressure, operating means for independently actuatingsaid operating cam to withdraw said deadbolt, a locking cam pivotallymounted in said casing concentrically with said operating cam formovement to form a stop for engagement with said operating cam and withsaid deadbolt to prevent retraction of the deadbolt under the action ofsaid operating means, and key actuated locking mechanism controlling themovement of said locking cam.

10. An automatic deadlock for cooperation with a keeper, comprising acasing, a deadbolt slidably mounted in said casing for movement betweenan inoperative position within said casing and an operative positionprojecting beyond said casing for insertion in the keeper, a springbiasing'said deadbolt t0 its projected operative position, a springboltslidably mounted in said casing for movement between a retractedposition within said casing and a projected position protruding fromsaid casing, a spring biasing said springbolt to projected position,said springbolt spring being stronger than said deadbolt spring, anoperating cam pivotally mounted in said casing and engageable with thedeadbolt and the springbolt and operable by the springbolt under theinfluence of its stronger spring to withdraw said deadbolt while saidspringbolt is projected, said deadbolt spring projecting the deadboltwhen the springbolt is retracted by engagement with the keeper, saidoperating cam being movable under the projecting action of the deadboltby its spring to a stop position for preventing retraction of saiddeadbolt by end pressure, an operating member for independent actuationof said operating cam to withdraw said deadbolt, a locking cam pivotallymounted in said casing and concentrically with said operating cam formovement to a position in which it engages said operating cam and formsa stop to prevent retraction of the deadbolt under the action of theoperating member, key actuated locking mechanism for operating saidlocking cam, and a stop- Work cam pivotally mounted within the casingfor movement to form' a stop for the operating cam to hold the deadboltin retracted position.

LEONARD WEARE YOUNG. JACK WILLIAM TAYLOR.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the rile ofthis patent:

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